The Vatican has launched an innovative series of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enhanced services for St. Peter’s Basilica, opening virtual access to its breathtaking Renaissance art and architecture. This technological leap is timely, aligning with the Catholic Church’s upcoming Holy Year, or Jubilee, in 2025—a historic celebration held every 25 years.
With the support of tech company Microsoft and heritage digitalization specialists Iconem, the Vatican introduced a new interactive website, a digital replica of St. Peter’s Basilica, and two AI-driven exhibitions. Cardinal Mauro Gambetti, archpriest of St. Peter’s, expressed his enthusiasm for the project, describing St. Peter’s as “like a starry sky on a summer night; you remain enchanted by its splendor.” He highlighted the role of the new digital tools as a sort of “telescope or spaceship” to magnify this beauty, making it accessible to a broader audience.
Daily, St. Peter’s Basilica attracts 40,000 to 50,000 visitors, a number likely to increase with the upcoming Jubilee. To create the digital twin of the basilica, a 3D model was meticulously constructed by gathering over 400,000 images using drones, cameras, and laser technology. Data collection took place over a four-week period, with drones operating nightly to capture every intricate detail. The AI algorithms processed and organized the data, creating an elaborate digital model. In total, the data amassed is equal in volume to a towering 6 km stack of DVDs. Not only will this virtual model facilitate global access, but it will also play a crucial role in preservation and restoration efforts.
Microsoft President Brad Smith highlighted the Vatican’s modern approach to connecting with a new generation. “We are taking St. Peter’s not just to the world but to a new generation of people, in a language that is more accessible for the times we live in,” he explained. By bringing St. Peter’s to virtual audiences, the Vatican allows people to experience its rich history and beauty even if they cannot physically visit.
Pope Francis, who has previously spoken about AI’s potential, welcomed the initiative, emphasizing its role in expanding access to knowledge. However, he also reminded the audience of the importance of ethical considerations in using AI. “The correct and constructive use of AI’s potential, which is certainly useful but can be ambivalent, depends on us,” he said, stressing that technology should serve humanity’s welfare.
Through these AI-enabled services, the Vatican combines centuries-old tradition with cutting-edge technology, ensuring that St. Peter’s Basilica continues to inspire and educate future generations.
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