Nearly 50 years ago, the United States began officially recognizing the contributions of Asian-Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders. What began as a week-long tribute has evolved into a month-long celebration observed each May, now encompassing a wide range of events and themes across the country.
Initially focused on food and cultural displays, today’s observance delves deeper into subjects like racial justice and shared grief, especially in the wake of increased anti-Asian hate during the COVID-19 pandemic. The expanded recognition reflects growing civic engagement and visibility within Asian-American and Pacific Islander communities, according to experts in Asian-American studies.
Celebrations now occur in mainstream spaces like libraries, parks, and museums, showcasing the histories and traditions of more than 70 ethnic groups. From comedy festivals in New York to state-sanctioned events like Wisconsin’s Hmong-Lao Veterans Day, the month underscores the diversity within these communities.
Despite growing visibility, this year’s observance comes amid federal rollbacks of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives. Executive orders aimed at limiting identity-based recognition led to the temporary removal—later restored—of content honoring Japanese-American veterans. Federal departments like Transportation have ceased participation in such observances, although other high-profile celebrations, like Black History Month at the White House, have continued.
The origins of Asian-American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month trace back to 1977, when Jeanie Jew, a Chinese-American, advocated for recognition of Asian contributions to U.S. history. Her efforts, supported by lawmakers like Representatives Frank Horton and Norm Mineta, led to President Jimmy Carter signing a resolution establishing the first week of May as a commemorative week. The date honors two historical milestones: the arrival of the first Japanese immigrants on May 7, 1843, and the completion of the transcontinental railroad on May 10, 1869, built largely by Chinese laborers.
In 1990, President George H.W. Bush extended the observance to a full month. Later, the designation evolved to include Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders. For many, like Korean-American adoptee Amber Reed, the month became personally meaningful only after tragic events like the 2021 Atlanta spa shootings. Reed helped form AAPI New Jersey, organizing events like the Lantern Festival for Justice and Unity to honor victims and foster healing.
This growing tapestry of celebrations reinforces that these communities are not monolithic but richly diverse, with over 100 languages spoken and distinct histories that deserve to be shared and celebrated.
READ MORE: